1998年英国人权法案

　　Introduction

　　The Convention Rights.

　　1. - （1） In this Act the Convention rights means the rights and fundamental freedoms set out in-

　　（a） Articles 2 to 12 and 14 of the Convention，

　　（b） Articles 1 to 3 of the First Protocol， and

　　（c） Articles 1 and 2 of the Sixth Protocol，

　　as read with Articles 16 to 18 of the Convention.

　　（2） Those Articles are to have effect for the purposes of this Act subject to any designated derogation or reservation （as to which see sections 14 and 15）。

　　（3） The Articles are set out in Schedule 1.（4） The Secretary of State may by order make such amendments to this Act as he considers appropriate to reflect the effect， in relation to the United Kingdom， of a protocol.

　　（5） In subsection （4） protocol means a protocol to the Convention- （a） which the United Kingdom has ratified； or

　　（b） which the United Kingdom has signed with a view to ratification.

　　（6） No amendment may be made by an order under subsection （4） so as to come into force before the protocol concerned is in force in relation to the United Kingdom.

　　Interpretation of Convention rights.

　　2. - （1） A court or tribunal determining a question which has arisen in connection with a Convention right must take into account any-  （a） judgment， decision， declaration or advisory opinion of the European Court of Human Rights，

　　（b） opinion of the Commission given in a report adopted under Article 31 of the Convention，

　　（c） decision of the Commission in connection with Article 26 or 27（2） of the Convention， or

　　（d） decision of the Committee of Ministers taken under Article 46 of the Convention，

　　whenever made or given， so far as， in the opinion of the court or tribunal， it is relevant to the proceedings in which that question has arisen.  （2） Evidence of any judgment， decision， declaration or opinion of which account may have to be taken under this section is to be given in proceedings before any court or tribunal in such manner as may be provided by rules. （3） In this section rules means rules of court or， in the case of proceedings before a tribunal， rules made for the purposes of this section-  （a） by the Lord Chancellor or the Secretary of State， in relation to any proceedings outside Scotland；

　　（b） by the Secretary of State， in relation to proceedings in Scotland； or

　　（c） by a Northern Ireland department， in relation to proceedings before a tribunal in Northern Ireland-

　　（i） which deals with transferred matters； and

　　（ii） for which no rules made under paragraph （a） are in force

　　Legislation

　　Interpretation of legislation.

　　3.  （1） So far as it is possible to do so， primary legislation and subordinate legislation must be read and given effect in a way which is compatible with the Convention rights.

　　（2） This section-

　　（a） applies to primary legislation and subordinate legislation whenever enacted；

　　（b） does not affect the validity， continuing operation or enforcement of any incompatible primary legislation； and

　　（c） does not affect the validity， continuing operation or enforcement of any incompatible subordinate legislation if （disregarding any possibility of revocation） primary legislation prevents removal of the incompatibility.

　　Declaration of incompatibility.

　　4. （1） Subsection （2） applies in any proceedings in which a court determines whether a provision of primary legislation is compatible with a Convention right.  （2） If the court is satisfied that the provision is incompatible with a Convention right， it may make a declaration of that incompatibility. （3） Subsection （4） applies in any proceedings in which a court determines whether a provision of subordinate legislation， made in the exercise of a power conferred by primary legislation， is compatible with a Convention right. （4） If the court is satisfied-  （a） that the provision is incompatible with a Convention right， and

　　（b） that （disregarding any possibility of revocation） the primary legislation concerned prevents removal of the incompatibility，it may make a declaration of that incompatibility. （5） In this section court means-  （a） the House of Lords；

　　（b） the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council；

　　（c） the Courts-Martial Appeal Court；

　　（d） in Scotland， the High Court of Justiciary sitting otherwise than as a trial court or the Court of Session；

　　（e） in England and Wales or Northern Ireland， the High Court or the Court of Appeal.

　　（6） A declaration under this section （a declaration of inc

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